In May 1983, the USAF issued a RFP for the development of a new advanced fighter, intended nasa stream to replace the 'F-15 Eagle and ensure American technological superiority against the new Soviet fighters in production or in development, particularly the MiG -29 Fulcrum and Su-27 Flanker entered service between 1983 and 1984. Both Soviet fighters had been shown to have superior maneuverability compared to American types in service F-14, F-15, F-16 and F -18. The program was launched by the USAF called ATF Advanced Tactical Fighter, with a forecast of over 750 specimens, single-seater and two-seater intended to replace all F-15A/B/C/D. Even the U.S. Navy expressed interest in the project, as part of its program Naval - ATF (NATF). The YF-22 was presented as a plane fairly traditional lines, very similar to those of the 'F-15, and was born in a very similar configuration to the final one. We know, however, that the requirements imposed by the USAF were: low observability nasa stream to radar capability nasa stream of flying at Mach 1.5 without afterburner nasa stream (supercrociera). Range of over 650 km in the air-to-air mission with subsonic flight for the first 480 miles and supersonic in the final stretch of 180 km. Range clean amounting to more than 1,300 km. Maximum speed of Mach 1.8 with afterburner. Ability to maneuver to 9 g to Mach 0.9 at 10,000 feet. Ability to maneuver to 6 ga Mach 1.5 at 30,000 feet.
On 23 April 1991, the USAF announced that the winner of the ATF program was the YF-22 engines with PW F119, ordering nasa stream 11 aircraft development (EMD Engineering Manifacture Development), nasa stream including 2 two-seaters. The end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union, led to a profound change in the attitude of the Congress towards the F-22 program, as many have argued that the new versions nasa stream of the F-15 and F-16 were sufficient to ensure air superiority of the USAF (in fact, the Russian air force had suspended all programs of development of the new fighter, and even the introduction of new versions of the MiG-29 and SU-27 are compatible with the AA missile -12). In contrast, the USAF was concerned because the new versions of the MiG-29 and Su-27 armed with AA-11 and AA-12, they were still available for the export market and hence the likelihood of "meetings" increased exponentially. The fact is that the program (also called ADF: Air Dominance Fighter) began to undergo a series of cuts, because of budget cuts following the end of the Cold War. 11 EMD aircraft ran 9 aircraft, all-seater, while the forecast for the series aircraft descended gradually from the initial nasa stream 750 to 648, then 442, and finally in 1997 the total was reduced to 339, all-seater, while the two-seater version was shelved. In that year he was given the name "Raptor" (before it was called Rapier and Lightning II). The nine EMD aircraft were delivered between 1997 and 2002, for they were followed by two pre-production aircraft since 2003 and began deliveries of F/A-22 nasa stream series. Starting from EMD aircraft, the F / A-22 presents nasa stream several differences compared to the prototypes (shorter length, greater wingspan, the changing profiles of the radome, fuselage, wings, horizontal rudders, reduction of the vertical planes etc ...) so that the aircraft series has a line much more refined, with significant improvements in performance and RCS. In December 2005, when the first units entered operational service, the Raptor was risiglato F-22A.
Technology The Raptor is a single-seat fighter, twin-engine, with advanced stealth characteristics. The lowering of the RCS has been obtained either nasa stream by the careful design of curved surfaces and inclined, through the use of radar absorbent material (RAM), both through the particular conformation of the air inlets with respect to turbines, both by ability to internally carry all the equipment and fuel needed. 39% of the structure is made of titanium, 24% composite, 16% aluminum. The use of RAM was limited to critical areas, so the 'F/A-22 does not pose any particular problems of the care and maintenance nasa stream that have plagued the B-2 bomber. Even the trace infrared is significantly reduced for both the particular arrangement of the motors, both for the use of special coatings. The control nasa stream aerodin
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